The Old Testament #02 (The Torah and the Covenant)

1.Define Biblical Criticism
Exodus 24 and Deuteronomy 31( among the examples ) cite Moses as the author of the Torah. Based on modern scholarship( most notably the 19th-century theologian, Julius Wellhausen) who was most likely the authors of these five books?
Thoroughly explain the Sitz Leben of this / these author(s) as provided in the lecture and reading material
2. Exclusively using the material provided from the online lecture(NO PLAGIARISM) thoroughly define
a. Biblical Criticism
b. Historical Criticism
c. Literary Criticism
d. Source Criticism—-
– Sample AnswerBiblical CriticismStudent’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course
Professor’s Name
DateBiblical criticism is an art that treats the bible as a human book rather than words inspired by God. The art utilizes critical analysis to understand and explain biblical texts. It applies reason-based judgment, sectarian, and reconstruction to enhance contemporary understanding (East, 2017). There are four types of biblical criticism including textual criticism, philological criticism, literary criticism, and tradition criticism. For example, while Exodus 24 and Deuteronomy 31 argues that Moses was the author of the Torah, other theologians argue otherwise. Therefore, biblical criticism lays the foundation for effective interpretation of the bible.
Historical criticism is a form of investigating the origin of texts to enhance comprehension of the history behind a text. The criticism is used to understand the biblical text in light of the contemporary environment (East, 2017). For example, historical criticism seeks to understand the book of Revelation in light of the first-century Jewish and Christian apocalyptic literature.
Literary analysis involves comparison, interpretation analysis, and evaluation of literature. The purpose is to make value judgments, explain the interpretation of the work, and offer the readers historical and biological information (Moberly, 2017). Literacy criticism is used in biblical interpretation to establish the structure, date, and authorship of the texts.
Source criticism is the art of identifying the source of a text. The purpose is to reconstruct the history of the biblical texts. Source criticism provides healthy skepticism about the nature, purpose, origin, and credibility of a source (Moberly, 2017). Biblical scholars use source criticism to find information that will justify the origin and credibility of biblical texts. The purpose is to answer diverse questions about the authorship and origin of biblical texts (Moberly, 2017). For example, the five books of the law require a source criticism to help the students, scholars, and believers to understand the source and origin.Sources
East, B. (2017). The Hermeneutics of Theological Interpretation: Holy Scripture, Biblical Scholarship and Historical Criticism. International Journal of Systematic Theology, 19(1), 30-52.
Moberly, R. W. L. (2017). Theological interpretation, second naiveté, and the rediscovery of the Old Testament. Anglican Theological Review, 99(4), 651-670.
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